Coffee is a complex mixture of chemicals that provides significant
amounts of chlorogenic acid and caffeine.18,265 Unfiltered
coffee is a significant source of cafestol and kahweol, which are
diterpenes that have been implicated in the cholesterol-raising
effects of coffee.12 The results of epidemiological research suggest
that coffee consumption may help prevent several chronic
diseases, including type 2 DM,41 Parkinson’s disease69 and liver
disease.4 Large prospective cohort studies in the Netherlands,
US, Finland and Sweden have found coffee consumption to
be associated with significant dose-dependent reductions in the
risk of developing type 2 DM, although the mechanisms are
unclear.41 Several large prospective cohort studies have found
that caffeine consumption from coffee and other beverages is inversely
associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease in men and
women who have never used postmenopausal estrogen.3,67,68
The results of animal studies suggest that the ability of caffeine
to block adenosine A2A-receptors in the brain…